Combines L1 isolated in-memory caching with L2 distributed global storage. Strictly enforces TTL constraints to slash upstream resolution latency and maximize responsiveness.
Full EDNS0 Client Subnet (ECS) support with privacy-preserving truncation. Directs CDNs to serve the optimal edge node IPs, dramatically improving resolution quality in complex network regions.
Distributes cache keys via collision-resistant FNV-1a hashing. Paired with deterministic TTL jitter, it prevents cache stampedes and ensures rock-solid efficiency under high-concurrency loads.
Mitigates upstream overload and protocol abuse through request coalescing, payload validation, and global write-rate limiting, guaranteeing sustained service stability.